Unsynchronized Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces With Pulse-Width-Based Design

In this correspondence, we present a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) that reflects an incident signal to the desired direction, depending on pulse width. This unique reconfigurability emerges by virtue of transient response embedded nonlinear circuits within RIS unit cells. The does not need any control lines connected cells or precise synchronization with base station, leading reduced complexity system yet allowing automated beamforming characteristics in accordance To verify scheme, model using binary phase shift keying is considered, which wireless link single transmitter at input and two receivers output. Numerical demonstrations show modulated signals are received contrasting bit-error rates receivers, consistent aforementioned pulse-width-based beam control.